Adult degenerative scoliosis, or adult onset scoliosis, is an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine that occurs during adulthood, usually after age 40. These people did not have scoliosis as children. The curvature may be in the shape of an S or a C. The condition often worsens as people age due to degeneration of the discs or spinal joints. Much of this is part of the normal wear and tear of aging. Some of the most common causes of adult degenerative scoliosis include osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, compression fractions, and degenerative disc disease.
How common is adult degenerative scoliosis?
Research has shown that adult degenerative scoliosis is a common condition. Some estimates indicate that up to 60% of the population has at least a mild form of the condition. The curvature often occurs in the low back. It is more prevalent among females due to a decrease in estrogen after menopause and the development of osteoporosis. This type of scoliosis is generally progressive, meaning it gets worse over time.
Symptoms of Adult Degenerative Scoliosis
Even though a scoliosis may be present, some people experience no pain and are able to lead normal lives. Many physicians will initially monitor the progression of the severity of the curvature. Early symptoms of adult degenerative scoliosis may be a stiffness or achiness in the mid to lower back. Eventually, pain may occur in the buttocks, hips, or legs. There may be cramping or numbness down the leg or into the foot. This radiating pain is the result of nerve impingement. The person may show a noticeable change in posture, uneven shoulders, or uneven waist or hips. They may have some difficulty walking.
Nonsurgical Treatment Options
Many patients respond well to conservative treatments. Some options include heat and ice therapy for pain, avoidance of activities that worsen symptoms, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications for relief of pain and inflammation. If oral medications do not offer enough pain relief, epidural steroid injections may be considered for pain management. Physical therapy may be recommended to help the patient strengthen muscles that support the back and core.
Surgical Treatments
Some patients require more aggressive treatment. A spinal fusion may be necessary to stabilize the spine and immobilize the bone. Fusion surgery alleviates pain associated with movement in the area affected by the curvature. Decompression surgery may be needed to take pressure off affected nerves, particularly if the patient has spinal stenosis. Some patients may require a combination of fusion and decompression.
Atlanta Brain and Spine Care
The neurosurgeons at Atlanta Brain and Spine Care are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis. Contact us to schedule an appointment with a spine specialist.
