A laminectomy is a surgical procedure that is done to reduce pressure on the spinal cord or spinal nerves. The pressure is usually caused by spinal stenosis, although pressure may also be due to herniated disc material, bone spurs from osteoarthritis, tumors, cysts, and calcified ligament tissues. Although a laminectomy can be performed anywhere along the spinal column, the low back and neck areas are the most common sites.
What is done during laminectomy surgery?
Laminectomy surgery removes the lamina, the back arch or “roof” of a vertebra. This arch covers the spinal canal. Removal of the lamina decompresses the spinal cord and surrounding nerves by creating a larger space in the spinal canal. A laminectomy does not remove spinal discs, facet joints, or the vertebral body, which is the load-bearing front part of the vertebra. The surgeon may also remove any bone spurs, bulging disc material, or stiffened ligaments that may be contributing to the nerve compression.
How long does laminectomy surgery take?
Laminectomy surgery can range from 1-3 hours, depending on how much bone and other material needs to be removed. Lamina from multiple vertebrae may need removal. If the laminectomy is performed alongside another procedure, such as a discectomy, foraminotomy, or a spinal fusion, more time will be required. The incision size for a laminectomy can vary. A minimally invasive laminectomy uses a small incision up to 1.5 inches. A traditional open laminectomy requires an incision from 2-5 inches. If multiple vertebrae are being treated, the incision can be a little longer.
What is recovery like?
Many patients will be able to go home the same day as their surgery. The patient is sent home with pain medication and specific instructions for wound care. There will be guidelines for what activities can be safely done and which activities must be avoided. Patients will often be encouraged to walk short distances within the first 24 hours post-surgery. Walking promotes blood flow and helps prevent complications.
There are generally restrictions on bending, twisting, and lifting more than 10 pounds for 4-6 weeks. Patients will be cleared to drive after 2-4 weeks. People may be allowed to return to work in 2-6 weeks, depending on their job responsibilities. Those with more physical jobs may be cleared to work in 8-12 weeks. It will take up to 6 weeks for the incision and soft tissues to heal. Full healing may take up to 6 months if the laminectomy was done along with a spinal fusion.
Surgical Results
Laminectomy has a very high success rate, and 75% of patients are satisfied with their results. Patients should get relief from chronic back or neck pain, and relief from numbness and pain that radiates down an arm or leg. Most people see improvement in neurological function, increased mobility, and better quality of life.
Atlanta Brain and Spine Care
The spine specialists at Atlanta Brain and Spine Care offer patients access to some of the world’s most advanced surgical treatments and procedures. Contact us to schedule a consultation.
