The National Institutes of Health estimates that 1.5 million people in the U.S. suffer vertebral compression fractures each year. It’s a common problem for the elderly, particularly among postmenopausal women. Many such fractures are due to osteoporosis, a disease that weakens bones and makes them more susceptible to breaking. Other causes include falls, trauma accidents, spinal tumors, and strenuous activities. Vertebral compression fractures can cause significant pain, decreased flexibility, and reduced mobility.
Symptoms
Although some people have no symptoms, most people will experience some pain or discomfort. There may be back pain that gets worse over time, particularly when standing or walking. The pain may improve when lying down. The person may have difficulty bending or twisting. Other symptoms include a loss of height, posture that stoops forward, weakness in the limbs, breathing problems, and numbness or tingling in the back, neck, or limbs.
Diagnosis
A complete physical examination along with diagnostic imaging, such as x-rays or a CT scan, may be ordered. A DEXA scan to measure bone density helps to determine whether osteoporosis is present.
Treatments
There are both nonsurgical and surgical options available, depending on the stability of the spine and the severity of the symptoms.
Nonsurgical Treatments
- Pain relief medications – usually non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxers, or prescription pain medications
- Bracing – spinal back braces to support and stabilize the vertebrae as they heal
- Medications to strengthen bones and slow bone loss, if osteoporosis is present
- Physical therapy – stretches and exercises that strengthen muscles around the spine
Surgical Treatments (Minimally Invasive)
- Vertebroplasty – Injecting surgical cement to hold the bones in place to prevent collapsing; provides pain relief.
- Kyphoplasty – The surgeon uses an inflatable balloon-like device to regain vertebral height. Surgical cement is then injected to prevent further collapsing of the vertebrae.
Decompression Surgery and Spinal Fusion (Open Surgery)
- Decompression surgery relieves pressure on the nerves or spinal cord.
- Spinal fusion permanently joins two or more vertebrae together to eliminate movement and stabilize the spine.
Atlanta Brain and Spine Care
The Board Certified neurosurgeons at Atlanta Brain and Spine Care are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Their goal is to treat patients in the safest and most effective way possible to return them to an active and pain free life. There are five convenient metro Atlanta locations to meet the needs of patients. Contact our office to schedule an appointment with one of our spine specialists.
