Cervical radiculopathy stems from nerve compression in the neck. The spinal cord or the nerves coming from it become damaged or inflamed when something presses on them. This painful condition affects approximately 85 out of 100,000 people annually. More men than women are diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy. It tends to be more common in middle age and beyond. However, younger people may be affected following a sudden injury or trauma that results in a herniated disc.
What are the common causes of cervical radiculopathy?
- Degenerative changes in the spine – These changes become more common with aging. Discs dry out and change over time. Individuals develop osteoarthritis, which results in deterioration of the facet joints and bone spurs. Stenosis of the neck or upper spine may occur, which narrows the space inside the spinal column. All of these changes can cause compression on the nerves or spinal cord.
- Herniated discs – Tears in the protective outer layer of a disc allow the soft, gel-like center to push out. This puts pressure on the nerve roots. Herniated discs are sometimes referred to as ruptured discs or slipped discs.
- Injury – Some type of trauma causes injury to the cervical spine, usually to a disc. The injury may stem from a fall, a vehicle accident, contact sports, improper lifting, or repetitive motions from certain jobs.
Symptoms of Cervical Radiculopathy
- Neck pain that radiates into a shoulder or arm
- Limited range of motion in the neck
- Sensory issues including weakness, tingling, or numbness in the arm, hand, or fingers
- Loss of reflexes in the arms
- Motor weakness in the arm or hands
Diagnosis
The diagnostic process begins with a thorough neurological examination. Imaging tests may be ordered including x-rays, a CT scan, or an MRI. Other testing may include electromyography (EMG) to determine whether a nerve is functioning as it should.
Conservative Treatments
Many cases are successfully managed with conservative treatments. These may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications to relieve pain and swelling, ice and heat therapy, electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and physical therapy. Other conservative treatments may include injection therapy or spinal bracing.
Is surgery necessary?
When conservative treatments are not successful, surgery may be a consideration. Some patients may benefit from artificial disc replacement of the problem disc. Other cases may call for a cervical laminoforaminotomy, which removes the tissue and bone that are compressing the nerve root. Other patients may need a cervical fusion to stabilize their spine.
Atlanta Brain and Spine Care
Atlanta Brain and Spine Care offers patients access to some of the world’s most advanced treatments and procedures. Contact us to schedule an appointment with a spine specialist.
