Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spaces in the spinal column, including the openings where nerves leave the spinal column. This narrowing puts pressure on the spinal cord or nearby nerves, often leading to pain and reducing quality of life. Although people can be born with smaller spaces in the spinal column, many people develop spinal stenosis as they age.
Causes of Spinal Stenosis
Osteoarthritis of the spine is a common cause of spinal stenosis. This happens when the cartilage in the joints wears down over time, allowing bone-on-bone friction, inflammation, and pain. Osteoarthritis often affects the neck and low back.
Additional causes of stenosis include herniated discs, spinal tumors, vertebral fractures, injuries, or birth defects involving the vertebrae. Bone diseases, such as Paget’s disease, may also cause a narrowing of the spinal canal.
Symptoms of Spinal Stenosis
Symptoms in the cervical spine include neck pain along with neurological issues. These may include numbness, tingling, or weakness in one or both arms. There may be decreased motor function in the hands, such as difficulty writing, gripping objects, or buttoning shirts. Symptoms usually worsen over time.
Symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis include pain in the low back or buttocks. Pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness may radiate down the legs into the feet. There may be problems with balance or instability when walking. Symptoms may improve when sitting but worsen when standing or walking. In severe cases, there may be bladder or bowel incontinence.
Lifestyle Changes that May be Helpful
- Physical Activity – Regular exercise or physical activity can strengthen core muscles, improve flexibility, and reduce further injury. Low impact exercises and gentle stretches are recommended. Swimming and water aerobics can take pressure off the spine.
- Maintain Good Posture – Poor posture puts added strain on the neck and back. Try to maintain the natural curvature of the spine.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight – Extra weight puts more stress on the spine, particularly on the low back. Eating a balanced diet helps keep weight under control and supports better overall health.
- Heat and Cold Therapy – Cold therapy helps to numb pain and reduce inflammation. Heat therapy relaxes muscles and stimulates blood flow. Switching back and forth between cold and heat can provide added pain relief.
Atlanta Brain and Spine Care
The neurosurgeons at Atlanta Brain and Spine Care offer patients access to some of the world’s most advanced surgical procedures and treatments. Contact us to schedule an appointment.
