As many people age, they begin to experience more frequent episodes of back pain. This may be due to a number of factors including injuries, unhealthy lifestyles, or just general wear and tear on the body. Joints may develop arthritis, discs degenerate, and nerves may become compressed causing pain and reduced mobility.
Common Causes of Age-Related Back Pain
- Degenerative Disc Disease – This is a condition in which the spinal discs break down. Some degree of degeneration is a natural part of aging. The discs no longer provide cushioning between the spinal vertebrae. This most often occurs in the neck or low back. More than one level of discs may be involved. Symptoms include pain which may extend to the arms or legs, weakness, numbness, and reduced mobility.
- Spinal Stenosis – This is a narrowing of the spinal canal that can cause irritation and compression of the spinal cord and nerves. The leading cause of spinal stenosis is osteoarthritis, which is common as people age. Stenosis most often occurs in the neck or low back.
- Spondylolisthesis – This occurs when one of the vertebrae slips forward out of position over the vertebrae below it. This most often happens in the low back. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is usually related to aging, with post-menopausal women over age 60 being the most affected group.
- Compression Fractures – These fractures occur when the vertebrae collapse. There are generally two main causes: Spinal trauma resulting from an accident or fall, and osteoporosis, the lack of bone density leaving bones weak and more susceptible to breakage.
Strategies to Manage Pain
Maintain Physical Activity – Although a typical response to pain may be to reduce activity, maintaining some regular exercise may be more helpful. Exercise strengthens muscles that support the spine, improves circulation, and increases flexibility.
Eat Healthy – Diet modification can help relieve inflammation and pain. A Mediterranean diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, low-fat dairy, and foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids reduces inflammation and improves overall health.
Lose Weight – Extra pounds increase pressure and stress on the spine. Obesity can affect posture, flexibility, and mobility. Weight loss can reduce pressure on joints, bones, ligaments, and muscles.
Pain Medications – Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications can help relieve back pain. Muscle relaxers reduce spasms and stiffness. Nerve blocks and epidural steroid injections may be prescribed to relieve pain.
Physical Therapy – Many conditions affecting the spine respond well to physical therapy. Specific exercises build strength and flexibility and stabilize the spine. Physical therapy treatments can help patients manage their pain without medications.
When to See Your Doctor
If the above strategies have not improved back pain, it’s time to see a physician. The neurosurgeons at Atlanta Brain and Spine Care are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of age-related back pain. Contact us to schedule an appointment.
