Neck flexion is the ability to lower the chin down to the chest. This neck movement may be taken for granted until it becomes too painful. The sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles, located on each side of the neck at the base of the...
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Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has many advantages over traditional “open” surgical techniques. Benefits to the patient include a smaller incision, reduced blood loss, less soft tissue damage, less post-operative pain, and a faster...
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Obesity is an increasing health concern which contributes substantially to a number of medical conditions. Obesity has been associated with heart disease, diabetes, and some types of cancer. Excess weight puts stress on the joints and can...
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Low back pain affects millions of people each year. According to the National Institutes of Health, it is the leading cause of absenteeism from work and activity limitations. While low back pain affects all age groups, the prevalence increases...
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Low back pain causes sleeping difficulties for many people. They may toss and turn all night in an effort to find a position that is comfortable. They get up in the morning feeling worse than when they went to bed. These people...
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Spinal compression fractures are small cracks in the vertebrae, or bones, of the spinal column. They usually occur in the lower part of the thoracic, or middle, region of the spine. Over time, the cracks may become serious enough to...
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Neck pain is a common medical complaint. There are many possible causes ranging from neck sprain or strain, overuse, injury or trauma, joint problems such as arthritis, and spinal degeneration. Many people experience neck pain that interferes...
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Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral, or sideways, curvature of the spine. The lateral curvature is greater than 10 degrees and accompanied by vertebral rotation. The condition is often diagnosed in adolescents between 10 to 12 years of...
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An individual with flatback syndrome does not have the normal curvature in their lumbar, or lower, spine. This normal inward curve is called lordosis. It balances the slightly outward curvature of the middle spine and the lordosis of...
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Osteoarthritis is a common cause of low back pain, particularly in the older adult population. Osteoarthritis that affects the spine is called spondylosis. Just like joints in other parts of the body, the facet joints in the spine can...
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Lumbar spinal stenosis is a common cause of low back pain. While the condition sometimes occurs in younger people, it is more often seen in individuals over the age of 50. Wear and tear on the spine as a result of aging and...
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A spinal cyst is a fluid-filled sac that can develop within the spinal cord. If the cyst is small, the patient may not experience any symptoms. As the cyst grows larger, pain, cramping, and numbness may develop. Cysts are...
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